TY - JOUR
T1 - The immunogenetic diversity of the HLA system in Mexico correlates with underlying population genetic structure
AU - Barquera, Rodrigo
AU - Hernández-Zaragoza, Diana Iraíz
AU - Bravo-Acevedo, Alicia
AU - Arrieta-Bolaños, Esteban
AU - Clayton, Stephen
AU - Acuña-Alonzo, Víctor
AU - Martínez-Álvarez, Julio César
AU - López-Gil, Concepción
AU - Adalid-Sáinz, Carmen
AU - Vega-Martínez, María del Rosario
AU - Escobedo-Ruíz, Araceli
AU - Juárez-Cortés, Eva Dolores
AU - Immel, Alexander
AU - Pacheco-Ubaldo, Hanna
AU - González-Medina, Liliana
AU - Lona-Sánchez, Abraham
AU - Lara-Riegos, Julio
AU - Sánchez-Fernández, María Guadalupe de Jesús
AU - Díaz-López, Rosario
AU - Guizar-López, Gregorio Ulises
AU - Medina-Escobedo, Carolina Elizabeth
AU - Arrazola-García, María Araceli
AU - Montiel-Hernández, Gustavo Daniel
AU - Hernández-Hernández, Ofelia
AU - Ramos-de la Cruz, Flor del Rocío
AU - Juárez-Nicolás, Francisco
AU - Pantoja-Torres, Jorge Arturo
AU - Rodríguez-Munguía, Tirzo Jesús
AU - Juárez-Barreto, Vicencio
AU - Delgado-Aguirre, Héctor
AU - Escutia-González, Ariadna Berenice
AU - Goné-Vázquez, Isis
AU - Benítez-Arvizu, Gamaliel
AU - Arellano-Prado, Francia Paulina
AU - García-Arias, Víctor Eduardo
AU - Rodríguez-López, Marla Estefanía
AU - Méndez-Mani, Patricia
AU - García-Álvarez, Raquel
AU - González-Martínez, Marisela del Rocío
AU - Aquino-Rubio, Guadalupe
AU - Escareño-Montiel, Néstor
AU - Vázquez-Castillo, Tannya Verónica
AU - Uribe-Duarte, María Guadalupe
AU - Ruíz-Corral, María de Jesús
AU - Ortega-Yáñez, Andrea
AU - Bernal-Felipe, Natalia
AU - Gómez-Navarro, Benjamín
AU - Arriaga-Perea, Agustín Jericó
AU - Martínez-Bezies, Virginia
AU - Macías-Medrano, Rosa María
AU - Aguilar-Campos, Jesús Abraham
AU - Solís-Martínez, Raúl
AU - Serrano-Osuna, Ricardo
AU - Sandoval-Sandoval, Mario J.
AU - Jaramillo-Rodríguez, Yolanda
AU - Salgado-Adame, Antonio
AU - Juárez-de la Cruz, Federico
AU - Novelo-Garza, Bárbara
AU - Pavón-Vargas, María de los Ángeles
AU - Salgado-Galicia, Norma
AU - Bortolini, Maria Cátira
AU - Gallo, Carla
AU - Bedoya, Gabriel
AU - Rothhammer, Francisco
AU - González-José, Rolando
AU - Ruiz-Linares, Andrés
AU - Canizales-Quinteros, Samuel
AU - Romero-Hidalgo, Sandra
AU - Krause, Johannes
AU - Zúñiga, Joaquín
AU - Yunis, Edmond J.
AU - Bekker-Méndez, Carolina
AU - Granados, Julio
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) allele groups and alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in a total of 15,318 mixed ancestry Mexicans from all the states of the country divided into 78 sample sets, providing information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies and their linkage disequilibrium, as well as admixture estimates and genetic substructure. We identified the presence of 4268 unique HLA extended haplotypes across Mexico and find that the ten most frequent (HF > 1%) HLA haplotypes with significant linkage disequilibrium (Δ’≥0.1) in Mexico (accounting for 20% of the haplotypic diversity of the country) are of primarily Native American ancestry (A*02~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*08~DQB1*04, A*68~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*14~DQB1*03:01, A*24~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*40:02~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*68~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*15:01~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02). Admixture estimates obtained by a maximum likelihood method using HLA-A/-B/-DRB1 as genetic estimators revealed that the main genetic components in Mexico as a whole are Native American (ranging from 37.8% in the northern part of the country to 81.5% in the southeastern region) and European (ranging from 11.5% in the southeast to 62.6% in northern Mexico). African admixture ranged from 0.0 to 12.7% not following any specific pattern. We were able to detect three major immunogenetic clusters correlating with genetic diversity and differential admixture within Mexico: North, Central and Southeast, which is in accordance with previous reports using genome-wide data. Our findings provide insights into the population immunogenetic substructure of the whole country and add to the knowledge of mixed ancestry Latin American population genetics, important for disease association studies, detection of demographic signatures on population variation and improved allocation of public health resources.
AB - We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) allele groups and alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in a total of 15,318 mixed ancestry Mexicans from all the states of the country divided into 78 sample sets, providing information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies and their linkage disequilibrium, as well as admixture estimates and genetic substructure. We identified the presence of 4268 unique HLA extended haplotypes across Mexico and find that the ten most frequent (HF > 1%) HLA haplotypes with significant linkage disequilibrium (Δ’≥0.1) in Mexico (accounting for 20% of the haplotypic diversity of the country) are of primarily Native American ancestry (A*02~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*08~DQB1*04, A*68~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*14~DQB1*03:01, A*24~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*40:02~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*68~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*15:01~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02). Admixture estimates obtained by a maximum likelihood method using HLA-A/-B/-DRB1 as genetic estimators revealed that the main genetic components in Mexico as a whole are Native American (ranging from 37.8% in the northern part of the country to 81.5% in the southeastern region) and European (ranging from 11.5% in the southeast to 62.6% in northern Mexico). African admixture ranged from 0.0 to 12.7% not following any specific pattern. We were able to detect three major immunogenetic clusters correlating with genetic diversity and differential admixture within Mexico: North, Central and Southeast, which is in accordance with previous reports using genome-wide data. Our findings provide insights into the population immunogenetic substructure of the whole country and add to the knowledge of mixed ancestry Latin American population genetics, important for disease association studies, detection of demographic signatures on population variation and improved allocation of public health resources.
KW - Admixture
KW - Genetic substructure
KW - HLA
KW - Immunogenetics
KW - Latin American populations
KW - Mexico
KW - Population genetics
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85087692403
U2 - 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.06.008
DO - 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.06.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 32651014
AN - SCOPUS:85087692403
SN - 0198-8859
VL - 81
SP - 461
EP - 474
JO - Human Immunology
JF - Human Immunology
IS - 9
ER -
