The conundrum of the Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas.

Gonzalo Carrasco-Avino; Ismael Riquelme; Oslando Padilla; Miguel Villaseca; Francisco R. Aguayo; Alejandro H. Corvalan

doi:10.18632/oncotarget.18497

The conundrum of the Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas.

Título traducido de la contribución: El enigma del carcinoma gástrico asociado al virus de Epstein-Barr en las Américas.

Gonzalo Carrasco-Avino
, Ismael Riquelme
, Oslando Padilla
, Miguel Villaseca
, Francisco R. Aguayo
, Alejandro H. Corvalan

Producción científica: Contribución a una revista › Artículo de revisión › revisión exhaustiva

16 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

El carcinoma gástrico asociado al virus de Epstein-Barr muestra una prevalencia más alta en América que en Asia. Resumimos todos los estudios sobre carcinoma gástrico asociado al virus de Epstein-Barr en América, centrándonos en las características del hospedador, las asociaciones ambientales y la diversidad filogeográfica de las cepas del virus de Epstein-Barr. En América, la prevalencia del carcinoma gástrico asociado al virus de Epstein-Barr es del 11,4%, es más frecuente en varones y presenta una histología predominantemente difusa. Los genes EBER, EBNA, BART y LMP son los más expresados; sus variaciones en individuos sanos pueden explicar la diversidad filogeográfica del virus de Epstein-Barr en la región. Los casos de cáncer gástrico albergan exclusivamente el genotipo occidental (subtipo D y sitio Xho I conservado), lo que sugiere una coevolución interrumpida entre el patógeno y su hospedador. Los casos del subtipo molecular de carcinoma gástrico asociado al virus de Epstein-Barr del Atlas del Genoma del Cáncer muestran mutaciones en los genes PIK3CA, amplificación de JAK2, PD-L1 y PD-L2 y fenotipo metilador de isla CpG, lo que lleva a una metilación más extensa de los genomas del huésped y viral que cualquier otro subtipo del estudio. Las condiciones ambientales incluyen asociaciones negativas y positivas con ser primogénito y fumar, respectivamente. También se ha informado una asociación marginal con H. pylori. El carcinoma similar al linfoepitelioma se asocia con el virus de Epstein-Barr en el 80%-86% de los casos, la mayoría de los cuales se han incluido como parte de la serie de carcinoma gástrico asociado al virus de Epstein-Barr (prevalencia 1.1%-7.6%). Se discute si estos casos representan una variante del carcinoma gástrico asociado al virus de Epstein-Barr. Proponemos nuevas estrategias de investigación para resolver el enigma de la alta prevalencia del carcinoma gástrico asociado al virus de Epstein-Barr en las Américas.

Título traducido de la contribución	El enigma del carcinoma gástrico asociado al virus de Epstein-Barr en las Américas.
Idioma original	Inglés
Páginas (desde-hasta)	75687-75698
Publicación	Oncotarget
Volumen	8
N.º	43
DOI	https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.18497
Estado	Publicada - 15 jun. 2017
Publicado de forma externa	Sí

Palabras clave

América
Virus de Epstein-Barr
Cáncer gástrico
Clasificación molecular
Diversidad filogeográfica

ODS de las Naciones Unidas

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10.18632/oncotarget.18497

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@article{b387594f543844dfb100955672a723a6,

title = "The conundrum of the Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas.",

abstract = "Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma shows a higher prevalence in the Americas than Asia. We summarize all studies of Epstein Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas, focusing on host characteristics, environmental associations and phylogeographic diversity of Epstein-Barr virus strains. In the Americas, the prevalence of Epstein Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma is 11.4\%, more frequent in males and portray predominantly diffuse-type histology. EBERs, EBNAs, BARTs and LMP are the highest expressed genes; their variations in healthy individuals may explain the phylogeographic diversity of Epstein-Barr virus across the region. Gastric cancer cases harbor exclusively the western genotype (subtype D and kept Xho I site), suggesting a disrupted co-evolution between the pathogen and its host. Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma molecular subtype cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas display PIK3CA gene mutations, amplification of JAK2, PD-L1 and PD-L2 and CpG island methylator phenotype, leading to more extensive methylation of host and viral genomes than any other subtypes from the study. Environmental conditions include negative- and positive- associations with being firstborn child and smoking, respectively. A marginal association with H. pylori has also been reported. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is associated with Epstein Barr virus in 80\%-86\% of cases, most of which have been included as part of Epstein Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma series (prevalence 1.1\%-7.6\%). Whether these cases represent a variant of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma is discussed. We propose novel research strategies to solve the conundrum of the high prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas.",

keywords = "Am{\'e}rica, Virus de Epstein-Barr, C{\'a}ncer g{\'a}strico, Clasificaci{\'o}n molecular, Diversidad filogeogr{\'a}fica, Americas, Epstein-Barr virus, Gastric cancer, Molecular classification, Phylogeographic diversity",

author = "Gonzalo Carrasco-Avino and Ismael Riquelme and Oslando Padilla and Miguel Villaseca and Aguayo, \{Francisco R.\} and Corvalan, \{Alejandro H.\}",

year = "2017",

month = jun,

day = "15",

doi = "10.18632/oncotarget.18497",

language = "English",

volume = "8",

pages = "75687--75698",

journal = "Oncotarget",

issn = "1949-2553",

number = "43",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - The conundrum of the Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas.

AU - Carrasco-Avino, Gonzalo

AU - Riquelme, Ismael

AU - Padilla, Oslando

AU - Villaseca, Miguel

AU - Aguayo, Francisco R.

AU - Corvalan, Alejandro H.

PY - 2017/6/15

Y1 - 2017/6/15

N2 - Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma shows a higher prevalence in the Americas than Asia. We summarize all studies of Epstein Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas, focusing on host characteristics, environmental associations and phylogeographic diversity of Epstein-Barr virus strains. In the Americas, the prevalence of Epstein Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma is 11.4%, more frequent in males and portray predominantly diffuse-type histology. EBERs, EBNAs, BARTs and LMP are the highest expressed genes; their variations in healthy individuals may explain the phylogeographic diversity of Epstein-Barr virus across the region. Gastric cancer cases harbor exclusively the western genotype (subtype D and kept Xho I site), suggesting a disrupted co-evolution between the pathogen and its host. Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma molecular subtype cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas display PIK3CA gene mutations, amplification of JAK2, PD-L1 and PD-L2 and CpG island methylator phenotype, leading to more extensive methylation of host and viral genomes than any other subtypes from the study. Environmental conditions include negative- and positive- associations with being firstborn child and smoking, respectively. A marginal association with H. pylori has also been reported. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is associated with Epstein Barr virus in 80%-86% of cases, most of which have been included as part of Epstein Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma series (prevalence 1.1%-7.6%). Whether these cases represent a variant of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma is discussed. We propose novel research strategies to solve the conundrum of the high prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas.

AB - Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma shows a higher prevalence in the Americas than Asia. We summarize all studies of Epstein Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas, focusing on host characteristics, environmental associations and phylogeographic diversity of Epstein-Barr virus strains. In the Americas, the prevalence of Epstein Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma is 11.4%, more frequent in males and portray predominantly diffuse-type histology. EBERs, EBNAs, BARTs and LMP are the highest expressed genes; their variations in healthy individuals may explain the phylogeographic diversity of Epstein-Barr virus across the region. Gastric cancer cases harbor exclusively the western genotype (subtype D and kept Xho I site), suggesting a disrupted co-evolution between the pathogen and its host. Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma molecular subtype cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas display PIK3CA gene mutations, amplification of JAK2, PD-L1 and PD-L2 and CpG island methylator phenotype, leading to more extensive methylation of host and viral genomes than any other subtypes from the study. Environmental conditions include negative- and positive- associations with being firstborn child and smoking, respectively. A marginal association with H. pylori has also been reported. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is associated with Epstein Barr virus in 80%-86% of cases, most of which have been included as part of Epstein Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma series (prevalence 1.1%-7.6%). Whether these cases represent a variant of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma is discussed. We propose novel research strategies to solve the conundrum of the high prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas.

KW - América

KW - Virus de Epstein-Barr

KW - Cáncer gástrico

KW - Clasificación molecular

KW - Diversidad filogeográfica

KW - Americas

KW - Epstein-Barr virus

KW - Gastric cancer

KW - Molecular classification

KW - Phylogeographic diversity

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85030111125

U2 - 10.18632/oncotarget.18497

DO - 10.18632/oncotarget.18497

M3 - Review article

C2 - 29088902

SN - 1949-2553

VL - 8

SP - 75687

EP - 75698

JO - Oncotarget

JF - Oncotarget

IS - 43

ER -

The conundrum of the Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in the Americas.

Resumen

Palabras clave

ODS de las Naciones Unidas

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