Revisita al tercer caso de verticalidad de john murra en las costas de los andes centrales y centro sur

Archaeological, ethnohistorical, and bioanthropological data from Late Intermediate and Late Periods (ca. A.D. 1,000-1,530) was cross-examined to evaluate whether people of the Lluta Valley organized their economy under the Third Case of John Murra model of Verticality. To do this, we focused on the chaupiyunga sector a geographic ethnocategory of high valuation in the system of the ecological tiers between the coast and highlands, for its productive qualities and geographic connectivity. The cultural composition of this basin located in the western valleys sub area, of the South Central Andes was compared of what has been observed in the Chillón valleys, in the Central Andes. The archaeological arrangement in both zones combines a variety of cultural ceramic style components. While the Lluta valley shows a mixture of items from the lowlands, sierra, altiplano and Inka, the Chillón basin integrates coastal, chaupiyunga and high-Andean elements. For the Lluta case funerary and rock ark features. XVI and XVII century ethnohistorical sources, of different level of specificity, coincide for both regions the interrelation of several social entities. It is important to note that the heterogeneous scenario of the chaupiyunga is observed in similar ecological zones in Southern Peru, which contrasts with the homogeneity of the lower sections of the valleys. The state of the art does not allow to precise the mechanisms of interaction and complementarity to explain the variability of the archaeological records. First there is not correspondence with the idea of multiethnic "islands" differentiated by particular set features among themselves. On the contrary, the material is mixed in each of the studied sites, which seem to mean that several mechanisms of interaction were simultaneously or sequentially functioning. We conclude that chaupiyunga was a multiethnic ecological space co-habited, visited and or lead by social groups of diverse origin that access to this productive zone under different mechanisms of complementarity and interaction, which may have included verticality (with is modalities of coastal verticality, decentralized micro verticality, centralized vertical archipelago), horizontality, simple exchange operations, military protection, married alliances through the exchange of spouses.