Photobiological effects of converting biomass into hydrogen – Challenges and prospects

In comparison to other methods of producing hydrogen, the production of biohydrogen is significantly less harmful to the surrounding ecosystem when it was produced from the biological origin such as microalgae. It could take the place of conventional fossil fuels while avoiding the emission of greenhouse gases. The substrates such as food, agricultural waste, and industrial waste can be readily utilized after the necessary pretreatment, led to an increase in the yield of hydrogen. Improving the production of biofuels at each stage can have a significant impact on the final results, making this method a potentially useful instrument. As a consequence of this, numerous approaches to pretreat the algal biomass, numerous types of enzymes and catalyst that play a crucial role for hydrogen production, the variables that influence the production of hydrogen, and the potential applications of genetic engineering have all been comprehensively covered in this study.