Gender gaps in the promotion of mid-career university academic staff: A meta-analytic study

Geraldy Sepúlveda-Páez; Carmen Araneda-Guirriman; Gabriel Peñaloza Diaz

doi:10.1093/reseval/rvaf039

Gender gaps in the promotion of mid-career university academic staff: A meta-analytic study

Título traducido de la contribución: Brechas de género en la promoción del personal académico universitario de media carrera: Un estudio metaanalítico

Geraldy Sepúlveda-Páez
, Carmen Araneda-Guirriman
, Gabriel Peñaloza Diaz

Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial y de Sistemas

Producción científica: Contribución a una revista › Artículo de revisión › revisión exhaustiva

Resumen

En las últimas décadas, el mundo académico ha cambiado significativamente debido a las prácticas gerenciales y al énfasis en la productividad y las métricas cuantificables para evaluar el trabajo académico. Estos cambios han generado una mayor competencia, convirtiendo el acceso a la financiación y la posibilidad de publicar en revistas de alto impacto en prerrequisitos para la promoción, especialmente en las etapas intermedias de la carrera. De ahí la necesidad de determinar el impacto de la evaluación de la productividad en la promoción de hombres y mujeres en el ámbito académico. Para ello, se realizó un metaanálisis, que incluyó una revisión de 15 estudios, para comparar las probabilidades de promoción a la cátedra titular entre hombres y mujeres, utilizando la razón de probabilidades (odds ratio). Los resultados mostraron que los hombres tienen 1,76 veces más probabilidades (95% C1:1,51-2,05) de ser promovidos. Esta brecha persistió incluso al considerar el área académica, la región geográfica y las métricas de publicación. Los hallazgos del estudio contribuyen al debate actual sobre cómo se evalúa el trabajo académico y el énfasis en la cuantificación mediante el uso de métricas que miden el rendimiento investigador, lo que invisibiliza las desigualdades estructurales de género. Estas conclusiones indican una necesidad urgente de formular e implementar políticas basadas en evidencia que fomenten entornos académicos inclusivos, asegurando la igualdad de oportunidades y la equidad en los marcos de evaluación del trabajo académico para el proceso de promoción de todo el personal académico.

Título traducido de la contribución	Brechas de género en la promoción del personal académico universitario de media carrera: Un estudio metaanalítico
Idioma original	Inglés
Número de artículo	rvaf039
Publicación	Research Evaluation
Volumen	34
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1093/reseval/rvaf039
Estado	Publicada - 2025

Palabras clave

Promoción académica
Profesorado
Brecha de género
Educación superior
Metaanálisis

ODS de las Naciones Unidas

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10.1093/reseval/rvaf039

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title = "Gender gaps in the promotion of mid-career university academic staff: A meta-analytic study",

abstract = "In recent decades, academia has changed significantly, due to managerial practices and the emphasis on productivity and quantifiable metrics for evaluating academic work. These changes have generated increased competition, making access to funding, and ability to publish in high- impact journals, pre-requisites to promotion, especially in the mid-career stages. Hence the need to determine the impact of productivity assessment on the promotion of men and women in academia. To this end, a meta-analysis was conducted, involving a review of 15 studies, to compare the odds of promotion to full professorship between men and women, using the odds ratio. The results showed that men are 1.76 times more likely (95\% C1:1.51-2.05) to be promoted. This gap persisted even when considering academic area and geographic region, and publication metrics. The study's findings contribute to the current debate on how academic work is evaluated and the emphasis placed on quantification through the use of metrics that measure research performance, which render structural gender inequalities invisible. These conclusions indicate an urgent need to formulate and implement evidence-based policies that foster inclusive academic environments, ensuring equal opportunities and equity in academic work evaluation frameworks for the promotion process for all academic staff.",

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author = "Geraldy Sep{\'u}lveda-P{\'a}ez and Carmen Araneda-Guirriman and Diaz, \{Gabriel Pe{\~n}aloza\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected] for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site - for further information please contact [email protected].",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1093/reseval/rvaf039",

language = "English",

volume = "34",

journal = "Research Evaluation",

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AU - Sepúlveda-Páez, Geraldy

AU - Araneda-Guirriman, Carmen

AU - Diaz, Gabriel Peñaloza

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected] for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site - for further information please contact [email protected].

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - In recent decades, academia has changed significantly, due to managerial practices and the emphasis on productivity and quantifiable metrics for evaluating academic work. These changes have generated increased competition, making access to funding, and ability to publish in high- impact journals, pre-requisites to promotion, especially in the mid-career stages. Hence the need to determine the impact of productivity assessment on the promotion of men and women in academia. To this end, a meta-analysis was conducted, involving a review of 15 studies, to compare the odds of promotion to full professorship between men and women, using the odds ratio. The results showed that men are 1.76 times more likely (95% C1:1.51-2.05) to be promoted. This gap persisted even when considering academic area and geographic region, and publication metrics. The study's findings contribute to the current debate on how academic work is evaluated and the emphasis placed on quantification through the use of metrics that measure research performance, which render structural gender inequalities invisible. These conclusions indicate an urgent need to formulate and implement evidence-based policies that foster inclusive academic environments, ensuring equal opportunities and equity in academic work evaluation frameworks for the promotion process for all academic staff.

AB - In recent decades, academia has changed significantly, due to managerial practices and the emphasis on productivity and quantifiable metrics for evaluating academic work. These changes have generated increased competition, making access to funding, and ability to publish in high- impact journals, pre-requisites to promotion, especially in the mid-career stages. Hence the need to determine the impact of productivity assessment on the promotion of men and women in academia. To this end, a meta-analysis was conducted, involving a review of 15 studies, to compare the odds of promotion to full professorship between men and women, using the odds ratio. The results showed that men are 1.76 times more likely (95% C1:1.51-2.05) to be promoted. This gap persisted even when considering academic area and geographic region, and publication metrics. The study's findings contribute to the current debate on how academic work is evaluated and the emphasis placed on quantification through the use of metrics that measure research performance, which render structural gender inequalities invisible. These conclusions indicate an urgent need to formulate and implement evidence-based policies that foster inclusive academic environments, ensuring equal opportunities and equity in academic work evaluation frameworks for the promotion process for all academic staff.

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KW - Educación superior

KW - Metaanálisis

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Gender gaps in the promotion of mid-career university academic staff: A meta-analytic study

Resumen

Palabras clave

ODS de las Naciones Unidas

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