Expresiones geopolíticas sobre el desarrollo de las fronteras del Tarapacá Histórico (1974-2018): ¿movilidades fronterizas como fuente de amenaza?

The northern part of Chile has a geographical position that forces it to think about its development in the face of the neighbors with which it shares a border, also providing for an excessive distance from the political center and suffering from a centennial centralist culture. This spatial location has proved problematic for various central authorities, leading to oversizing the geopolitical factor in the design of their development strategies. This panorama is expressed more clearly from the military dictatorship, although persisting with nuances since the return to democracy. However, this work, from a critical perspective, seeks to identify the recurring presence of a classic geopolitical narrative within some development initiatives in the Tarapacá region. This is expressed in a series of public initiatives from 1974 to the present, focused on controlling the flows present in the periphery and underestimating the possibilities of border integration in the region, since it has tended to secure the borders, within the framework of neoliberal political projects.