TY - JOUR
T1 - Environmental fate and transformation of TiO₂ nanoparticles
T2 - A comprehensive assessment
AU - Sundaram, Thanigaivel
AU - Rajendran, Saravanan
AU - Natarajan, Saravanan
AU - Vinayagam, Saranya
AU - Rajamohan, Rajaram
AU - Lackner, Maximilian
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors
PY - 2025/3
Y1 - 2025/3
N2 - Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered extensive attention for their versatile applications in environmental, biomedical, and industrial fields. Unlike general nanoparticle applications, TiO₂ NPs possess unique photocatalytic, antibacterial, and chemical transformation properties, making them particularly effective in areas such as environmental remediation and wastewater treatment, as well as in advanced medical techniques like antimicrobial coatings and photodynamic therapy. This review critically examines the synthesis, environmental transformations, and biomedical potential of TiO₂ NPs, emphasizing their ability to degrade pollutants, including organic and microbial contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, we explore the role of TiO₂ NPs in enhancing antimicrobial efficacy in medical applications. Through a comprehensive analysis of their physical, chemical, and biological transformations, we present insights into their environmental fate and potential bioaccumulation risks. This review underscores the distinctive mechanisms of TiO₂ NPs, presenting opportunities for innovative applications while addressing the challenges associated with their environmental and biological impacts.
AB - Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered extensive attention for their versatile applications in environmental, biomedical, and industrial fields. Unlike general nanoparticle applications, TiO₂ NPs possess unique photocatalytic, antibacterial, and chemical transformation properties, making them particularly effective in areas such as environmental remediation and wastewater treatment, as well as in advanced medical techniques like antimicrobial coatings and photodynamic therapy. This review critically examines the synthesis, environmental transformations, and biomedical potential of TiO₂ NPs, emphasizing their ability to degrade pollutants, including organic and microbial contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, we explore the role of TiO₂ NPs in enhancing antimicrobial efficacy in medical applications. Through a comprehensive analysis of their physical, chemical, and biological transformations, we present insights into their environmental fate and potential bioaccumulation risks. This review underscores the distinctive mechanisms of TiO₂ NPs, presenting opportunities for innovative applications while addressing the challenges associated with their environmental and biological impacts.
KW - Aquatic ecosystem
KW - Bioaccumulation
KW - Cellular interaction
KW - Nanoparticles
KW - TiO application
KW - Toxicity of NPs
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85212571326
U2 - 10.1016/j.aej.2024.12.054
DO - 10.1016/j.aej.2024.12.054
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85212571326
SN - 1110-0168
VL - 115
SP - 264
EP - 276
JO - Alexandria Engineering Journal
JF - Alexandria Engineering Journal
ER -