ARCHAEOMETRIC APPROACH ON RED OCHER OF THE CABUZA PHASE (900–1200 AD) FROM THE AZAPA VALLEY, NORTHERN CHILE

The analysis on three red pigments of the Cabuza cultural phase (900–1200 AD), Azapa Valley, northern Chile are reported. The results of SEM-EDX and vibrational spectroscopy show hematite, clays, and organic matter, beside barium and arsenic. The discussion on the relationship between these raw materials and the technological practices, suggest a use of the local environment and that some raw materials could be related with highland sphere of interaction. All hypotheses are exploratory but show the potential of this type of analysis and that chemical indicators can shed light between cultural practices, artifacts, and the environment.