TOI-6508 b: A massive transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star

K. Barkaoui; D. Sebastian; S. Zúñiga-Fernández; A. H.M.J. Triaud; B. V. Rackham; A. J. Burgasser; T. W. Carmichael; M. Gillon; C. Theissen; E. Softich; B. Rojas-Ayala; G. Srdoc; A. Soubkiou; A. Fukui; M. Timmermans; M. Stalport; A. Burdanov; D. R. Ciardi; K. A. Collins; Y. T. Davis; F. Davoudi; J. De Wit; B. O. Demory; S. Deveny; G. Dransfield; E. Ducrot; L. Florian; T. Gan; Y. Gómez Maqueo Chew; M. J. Hooton; S. B. Howell; J. M. Jenkins; C. Littlefield; E. L. Martín; F. Murgas; P. Niraula; E. Palle; P. P. Pedersen; F. J. Pozuelos; D. Queloz; G. Ricker; R. P. Schwarz; S. Seager; A. Shporer; M. G. Scott; C. Stockdale; J. Winn

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202453508

TOI-6508 b: A massive transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star

K. Barkaoui
, D. Sebastian
, S. Zúñiga-Fernández
, A. H.M.J. Triaud
, B. V. Rackham
, A. J. Burgasser
, T. W. Carmichael
, M. Gillon
, C. Theissen
, E. Softich
, B. Rojas-Ayala
, G. Srdoc
, A. Soubkiou
, A. Fukui
, M. Timmermans
, M. Stalport
, A. Burdanov
, D. R. Ciardi
, K. A. Collins
, Y. T. Davis

F. Davoudi, J. De Wit, B. O. Demory, S. Deveny, G. Dransfield, E. Ducrot, L. Florian, T. Gan, Y. Gómez Maqueo Chew, M. J. Hooton, S. B. Howell, J. M. Jenkins, C. Littlefield, E. L. Martín, F. Murgas, P. Niraula, E. Palle, P. P. Pedersen, F. J. Pozuelos, D. Queloz, G. Ricker, R. P. Schwarz, S. Seager, A. Shporer, M. G. Scott, C. Stockdale, J. Winn

Institute of Higher Research

University of Liege
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of Birmingham
University of California at San Diego
University of Hawai'i at Mānoa
Kotizarovci Observatory
Cadi Ayyad University
The University of Tokyo
California Institute of Technology
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
University of Bern
Bay Area Environmental Research Institute
NASA Ames Research Center
Paris Region Fellow
Université Paris-Saclay
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich
University of Montreal
Tsinghua University
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
University of Cambridge
University of La Laguna
Glorieta de la Astronomía S/n
Hazelwood Observatory
Princeton University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report the discovery of a transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star, TOI-6508 b. Today, only ∼50 transiting brown dwarfs have been discovered. TOI-6508 b was first detected with data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) in Sectors 10, 37 and 63. Ground-based follow-up photometric data were collected with the SPECULOOS-South (Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars) and LCOGT-1m telescopes, and RV measurements were obtained with the Near InfraRed Planet Searcher (NIRPS) spectrograph. We find that TOI-6508 b has a mass of M_p = 72.5_-5.1^+7.6 M_Jup and a radius of R_p = 1.03 ± 0.03 R_Jup. Our modeling shows that the data are consistent with an eccentric orbit of 19 day and an eccentricity of e = 0.28_-0.08^+0.09. TOI-6508 b has a mass ratio of M_BD/M_∗ = 0.40, makes it the second highest mass ratio brown dwarf that transits a low-mass star. The host has a mass of M_∗ = 0.174 ± 0.004 M_⊙, a radius of R_∗ = 0.205 ± 0.006 R_⊙, an effective temperature of T_eff = 2930 ± 70 K, and a metallicity of [Fe/H] =-0.22 ± 0.08. This makes TOI-6508 b an interesting discovery that has come to light in a region still sparsely populated.

Original language	English
Article number	A44
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	696
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202453508
State	Published - 1 Apr 2025

Keywords

Brown dwarfs
Stars: individual: TOI-6508

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10.1051/0004-6361/202453508

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Barkaoui, K., Sebastian, D., Zúñiga-Fernández, S., Triaud, A. H. M. J., Rackham, B. V., Burgasser, A. J., Carmichael, T. W., Gillon, M., Theissen, C., Softich, E., Rojas-Ayala, B., Srdoc, G., Soubkiou, A., Fukui, A., Timmermans, M., Stalport, M., Burdanov, A., Ciardi, D. R., Collins, K. A., ... Winn, J. (2025). TOI-6508 b: A massive transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 696, Article A44. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202453508

@article{836d53783e0b40eb92acb2cea5465e20,

title = "TOI-6508 b: A massive transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star",

abstract = "We report the discovery of a transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star, TOI-6508 b. Today, only ∼50 transiting brown dwarfs have been discovered. TOI-6508 b was first detected with data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) in Sectors 10, 37 and 63. Ground-based follow-up photometric data were collected with the SPECULOOS-South (Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars) and LCOGT-1m telescopes, and RV measurements were obtained with the Near InfraRed Planet Searcher (NIRPS) spectrograph. We find that TOI-6508 b has a mass of Mp = 72.5-5.1+7.6 MJup and a radius of Rp = 1.03 ± 0.03 RJup. Our modeling shows that the data are consistent with an eccentric orbit of 19 day and an eccentricity of e = 0.28-0.08+0.09. TOI-6508 b has a mass ratio of MBD/M∗ = 0.40, makes it the second highest mass ratio brown dwarf that transits a low-mass star. The host has a mass of M∗ = 0.174 ± 0.004 M⊙, a radius of R∗ = 0.205 ± 0.006 R⊙, an effective temperature of Teff = 2930 ± 70 K, and a metallicity of [Fe/H] =-0.22 ± 0.08. This makes TOI-6508 b an interesting discovery that has come to light in a region still sparsely populated.",

keywords = "Brown dwarfs, Stars: individual: TOI-6508",

author = "K. Barkaoui and D. Sebastian and S. Z{\'u}{\~n}iga-Fern{\'a}ndez and Triaud, \{A. H.M.J.\} and Rackham, \{B. V.\} and Burgasser, \{A. J.\} and Carmichael, \{T. W.\} and M. Gillon and C. Theissen and E. Softich and B. Rojas-Ayala and G. Srdoc and A. Soubkiou and A. Fukui and M. Timmermans and M. Stalport and A. Burdanov and Ciardi, \{D. R.\} and Collins, \{K. A.\} and Davis, \{Y. T.\} and F. Davoudi and \{De Wit\}, J. and Demory, \{B. O.\} and S. Deveny and G. Dransfield and E. Ducrot and L. Florian and T. Gan and \{G{\'o}mez Maqueo Chew\}, Y. and Hooton, \{M. J.\} and Howell, \{S. B.\} and Jenkins, \{J. M.\} and C. Littlefield and Mart{\'i}n, \{E. L.\} and F. Murgas and P. Niraula and E. Palle and Pedersen, \{P. P.\} and Pozuelos, \{F. J.\} and D. Queloz and G. Ricker and Schwarz, \{R. P.\} and S. Seager and A. Shporer and Scott, \{M. G.\} and C. Stockdale and J. Winn",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Authors 2025.",

year = "2025",

month = apr,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202453508",

language = "English",

volume = "696",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

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Barkaoui, K, Sebastian, D, Zúñiga-Fernández, S, Triaud, AHMJ, Rackham, BV, Burgasser, AJ, Carmichael, TW, Gillon, M, Theissen, C, Softich, E, Rojas-Ayala, B, Srdoc, G, Soubkiou, A, Fukui, A, Timmermans, M, Stalport, M, Burdanov, A, Ciardi, DR, Collins, KA, Davis, YT, Davoudi, F, De Wit, J, Demory, BO, Deveny, S, Dransfield, G, Ducrot, E, Florian, L, Gan, T, Gómez Maqueo Chew, Y, Hooton, MJ, Howell, SB, Jenkins, JM, Littlefield, C, Martín, EL, Murgas, F, Niraula, P, Palle, E, Pedersen, PP, Pozuelos, FJ, Queloz, D, Ricker, G, Schwarz, RP, Seager, S, Shporer, A, Scott, MG, Stockdale, C & Winn, J 2025, 'TOI-6508 b: A massive transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star', Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 696, A44. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202453508

TY - JOUR

T1 - TOI-6508 b

T2 - A massive transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star

AU - Barkaoui, K.

AU - Sebastian, D.

AU - Zúñiga-Fernández, S.

AU - Triaud, A. H.M.J.

AU - Rackham, B. V.

AU - Burgasser, A. J.

AU - Carmichael, T. W.

AU - Gillon, M.

AU - Theissen, C.

AU - Softich, E.

AU - Rojas-Ayala, B.

AU - Srdoc, G.

AU - Soubkiou, A.

AU - Fukui, A.

AU - Timmermans, M.

AU - Stalport, M.

AU - Burdanov, A.

AU - Ciardi, D. R.

AU - Collins, K. A.

AU - Davis, Y. T.

AU - Davoudi, F.

AU - De Wit, J.

AU - Demory, B. O.

AU - Deveny, S.

AU - Dransfield, G.

AU - Ducrot, E.

AU - Florian, L.

AU - Gan, T.

AU - Gómez Maqueo Chew, Y.

AU - Hooton, M. J.

AU - Howell, S. B.

AU - Jenkins, J. M.

AU - Littlefield, C.

AU - Martín, E. L.

AU - Murgas, F.

AU - Niraula, P.

AU - Palle, E.

AU - Pedersen, P. P.

AU - Pozuelos, F. J.

AU - Queloz, D.

AU - Ricker, G.

AU - Schwarz, R. P.

AU - Seager, S.

AU - Shporer, A.

AU - Scott, M. G.

AU - Stockdale, C.

AU - Winn, J.

PY - 2025/4/1

Y1 - 2025/4/1

N2 - We report the discovery of a transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star, TOI-6508 b. Today, only ∼50 transiting brown dwarfs have been discovered. TOI-6508 b was first detected with data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) in Sectors 10, 37 and 63. Ground-based follow-up photometric data were collected with the SPECULOOS-South (Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars) and LCOGT-1m telescopes, and RV measurements were obtained with the Near InfraRed Planet Searcher (NIRPS) spectrograph. We find that TOI-6508 b has a mass of Mp = 72.5-5.1+7.6 MJup and a radius of Rp = 1.03 ± 0.03 RJup. Our modeling shows that the data are consistent with an eccentric orbit of 19 day and an eccentricity of e = 0.28-0.08+0.09. TOI-6508 b has a mass ratio of MBD/M∗ = 0.40, makes it the second highest mass ratio brown dwarf that transits a low-mass star. The host has a mass of M∗ = 0.174 ± 0.004 M⊙, a radius of R∗ = 0.205 ± 0.006 R⊙, an effective temperature of Teff = 2930 ± 70 K, and a metallicity of [Fe/H] =-0.22 ± 0.08. This makes TOI-6508 b an interesting discovery that has come to light in a region still sparsely populated.

AB - We report the discovery of a transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star, TOI-6508 b. Today, only ∼50 transiting brown dwarfs have been discovered. TOI-6508 b was first detected with data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) in Sectors 10, 37 and 63. Ground-based follow-up photometric data were collected with the SPECULOOS-South (Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars) and LCOGT-1m telescopes, and RV measurements were obtained with the Near InfraRed Planet Searcher (NIRPS) spectrograph. We find that TOI-6508 b has a mass of Mp = 72.5-5.1+7.6 MJup and a radius of Rp = 1.03 ± 0.03 RJup. Our modeling shows that the data are consistent with an eccentric orbit of 19 day and an eccentricity of e = 0.28-0.08+0.09. TOI-6508 b has a mass ratio of MBD/M∗ = 0.40, makes it the second highest mass ratio brown dwarf that transits a low-mass star. The host has a mass of M∗ = 0.174 ± 0.004 M⊙, a radius of R∗ = 0.205 ± 0.006 R⊙, an effective temperature of Teff = 2930 ± 70 K, and a metallicity of [Fe/H] =-0.22 ± 0.08. This makes TOI-6508 b an interesting discovery that has come to light in a region still sparsely populated.

KW - Brown dwarfs

KW - Stars: individual: TOI-6508

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002415114

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202453508

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202453508

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105002415114

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 696

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics

M1 - A44

ER -

TOI-6508 b: A massive transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star

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