Prevalence of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) in Cervical Precursor Lesions and Cancer in Chilean Women

Torque teno virus (TTV) is a highly prevalent DNA virus in humans, but its role in carcinogenesis is not well understood. While human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-established etiological agent in cervical cancer, co-infections with other viruses such as Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) or TTV may influence disease progression. We conducted a cross-sectional study using 94 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cervical tissue samples. These specimens were collected from women with cervical intraepithelial lesions (CINI-III) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) at the Clinical Hospital of the University of Chile. After extracting DNA, we screened for TTV using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test. Of the 94 samples, 83 were positive for the human β-globin gene and included in the final analysis. TTV was detected in 12.0% (10/83) of these samples. Among the TTV-positive cases, the virus was most frequently detected in high-grade lesions (70.0%), followed by low-grade lesions (20.0%) and squamous cell carcinoma (10.0%). However, these differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.688). This is the first study to assess TTV prevalence in cervical lesions among Chilean women. Although we found no statistically significant associations, a higher frequency of TTV was detected in precursor lesions compared to SCC. Further studies are needed to understand the potential immunomodulatory role of TTV in cervical carcinogenesis.