Nonmonotonic Energy Dependence of Net-Proton Number Fluctuations

STAR Collaboration

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.092301

Nonmonotonic Energy Dependence of Net-Proton Number Fluctuations

STAR Collaboration

Institute of Higher Research

Brookhaven National Laboratory
AGH University of Krakow
Ohio State University
University of Kentucky
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Panjab University
Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre
Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute
Texas A&M University
Central China Normal University
Kent State University
Universidad de Tarapacá
University of California at Riverside
Stony Brook University
University of Houston
University of Jammu
Czech Technical University in Prague
Czech Academy of Sciences
Rice University
Yale University
University of California at Davis
University of California at Los Angeles
National Cheng Kung University
Shandong University
Fudan University
University of Science and Technology of China
Tsinghua University
Creighton University
University of California at Berkeley
Eötvös Loránd University
Abilene Christian University
Heidelberg University
Institute for High Energy Physics
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Purdue University
Wayne State University
University of Tsukuba
University of Illinois at Chicago
Lehigh University
Southern Connecticut State University
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Valparaiso University
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati
American University in Cairo
CAS - Institute of Modern Physics
Pennsylvania State University
Indiana University Bloomington
Warsaw University of Technology
Goethe University Frankfurt
Argonne National Laboratory
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Temple University
National Institute of Science Education and Research
University of Texas at Austin
Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur
Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN
Max Planck Institute for Physics (Werner Heisenberg Institute)
Indian Institute of Technology Patna
Universidade de São Paulo
Huzhou University
Michigan State University
United States Naval Academy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

215 Scopus citations

Abstract

Nonmonotonic variation with collision energy (sNN) of the moments of the net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of the system, is suggested as a signature for the quantum chromodynamics critical point. We report the first evidence of a nonmonotonic variation in the kurtosis times variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of sNN with 3.1 σ significance for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured solenoidal tracker at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data in noncentral Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of sNN.

Original language	English
Article number	092301
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	126
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.092301
State	Published - 5 Mar 2021

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10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.092301

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title = "Nonmonotonic Energy Dependence of Net-Proton Number Fluctuations",

abstract = "Nonmonotonic variation with collision energy (sNN) of the moments of the net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of the system, is suggested as a signature for the quantum chromodynamics critical point. We report the first evidence of a nonmonotonic variation in the kurtosis times variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of sNN with 3.1 σ significance for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured solenoidal tracker at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data in noncentral Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of sNN.",

author = "J. Adam and L. Adamczyk and Adams, \{J. R.\} and Adkins, \{J. K.\} and S. Kabana and \{STAR Collaboration\}",

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AU - Adam, J.

AU - Adamczyk, L.

AU - Adams, J. R.

AU - Adkins, J. K.

AU - Kabana, S.

AU - STAR Collaboration

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N2 - Nonmonotonic variation with collision energy (sNN) of the moments of the net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of the system, is suggested as a signature for the quantum chromodynamics critical point. We report the first evidence of a nonmonotonic variation in the kurtosis times variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of sNN with 3.1 σ significance for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured solenoidal tracker at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data in noncentral Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of sNN.

AB - Nonmonotonic variation with collision energy (sNN) of the moments of the net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of the system, is suggested as a signature for the quantum chromodynamics critical point. We report the first evidence of a nonmonotonic variation in the kurtosis times variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of sNN with 3.1 σ significance for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured solenoidal tracker at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data in noncentral Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of sNN.

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DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.092301

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JO - Physical Review Letters

JF - Physical Review Letters

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Nonmonotonic Energy Dependence of Net-Proton Number Fluctuations

Abstract

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