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Measurement of interaction between antiprotons

  • L. Adamczyk
  • , J. K. Adkins
  • , G. Agakishiev
  • , M. M. Aggarwal
  • , Z. Ahammed
  • , I. Alekseev
  • , J. Alford
  • , A. Aparin
  • , D. Arkhipkin
  • , E. C. Aschenauer
  • , G. S. Averichev
  • , V. Bairathi
  • , A. Banerjee
  • , R. Bellwied
  • , A. Bhasin
  • , A. K. Bhati
  • , P. Bhattarai
  • , J. Bielcik
  • , J. Bielcikova
  • , L. C. Bland
  • I. G. Bordyuzhin, J. Bouchet, J. D. Brandenburg, A. V. Brandin, I. Bunzarov, J. Butterworth, H. Caines, M. Calderón De La Barca Sánchez, J. M. Campbell, D. Cebra, M. C. Cervantes, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, Z. Chang, S. Chattopadhyay, J. H. Chen, X. Chen, J. Cheng, M. Cherney, W. Christie, G. Contin, H. J. Crawford, S. Das, L. C. De Silva, R. R. Debbe, T. G. Dedovich, J. Deng, A. A. Derevschikov, B. Di Ruzza, L. Didenko, C. Dilks, X. Dong, J. L. Drachenberg, J. E. Draper, C. M. Du, L. E. Dunkelberger, J. C. Dunlop, L. G. Efimov, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, R. Esha, O. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, P. Federic, J. Fedorisin, Z. Feng, P. Filip, Y. Fisyak, C. E. Flores, L. Fulek, C. A. Gagliardi, D. Garand, F. Geurts, A. Gibson, M. Girard, L. Greiner, D. Grosnick, D. S. Gunarathne, Y. Guo, A. Gupta, S. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamad, A. Hamed, R. Haque, J. W. Harris, L. He, S. Heppelmann, S. Heppelmann, A. Hirsch, G. W. Hoffmann, D. J. Hofman, S. Horvat, B. Huang, H. Z. Huang, X. Huang, P. Huck, T. J. Humanic, G. Igo, W. W. Jacobs, H. Jang, K. Jiang, E. G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, K. Kauder, H. W. Ke, D. Keane, A. Kechechyan, Z. H. Khan, D. P. Kikoa, I. Kisel, A. Kisiel, S. Klein, L. Kochenda, D. D. Koetke, T. Kollegger, L. K. Kosarzewski, A. F. Kraishan, P. Kravtsov, K. Krueger, I. Kulakov, L. Kumar, R. A. Kycia, M. A.C. Lamont, J. M. Landgraf, K. D. Landry, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, R. Lednicky, J. H. Lee, X. Li, Z. M. Li, Y. Li, W. Li, X. Li, C. Li, M. A. Lisa, F. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W. J. Llope, M. Lomnitz, R. S. Longacre, X. Luo, G. L. Ma, R. Ma, Y. G. Ma, L. Ma, N. Magdy, R. Majka, A. Manion, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H. Masui, H. S. Matis, D. McDonald, K. Meehan, N. G. Minaev, S. Mioduszewski, D. Mishra, B. Mohanty, M. M. Mondal, D. A. Morozov, M. K. Mustafa, B. K. Nandi, Md Nasim, T. K. Nayak, G. Nigmatkulov, L. V. Nogach, S. Y. Noh, J. Novak, S. B. Nurushev, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, K. Oh, V. Okorokov, D. Olvitt, B. S. Page, R. Pak, Y. X. Pan, Y. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, B. Pawlik, H. Pei, C. Perkins, A. Peterson, P. Pile, M. Planinic, J. Pluta, N. Poljak, K. Poniatowska, J. Porter, M. Posik, A. M. Poskanzer, J. Putschke, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, S. Ramachandran, R. Raniwala, S. Raniwala, R. L. Ray, H. G. Ritter, J. B. Roberts, O. V. Rogachevskiy, J. L. Romero, A. Roy, L. Ruan, J. Rusnak, O. Rusnakova, N. R. Sahoo, P. K. Sahu, I. Sakrejda, S. Salur, J. Sandweiss, A. Sarkar, J. Schambach, R. P. Scharenberg, A. M. Schmah, W. B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, J. Seger, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, E. Shahaliev, P. V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, M. K. Sharma, B. Sharma, W. Q. Shen, S. S. Shi, Q. Y. Shou, E. P. Sichtermann, R. Sikora, M. Simko, M. J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, L. Song, P. Sorensen, H. M. Spinka, B. Srivastava, T. D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stepanov, R. Stock, M. Strikhanov, B. Stringfellow, M. Sumbera, B. Summa, Z. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, X. Sun, B. Surrow, N. Svirida, M. A. Szelezniak, Z. Tang, A. H. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, A. Tawfik, J. H. Thomas, A. R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, M. Tokarev, S. Trentalange, R. E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, S. K. Tripathy, B. A. Trzeciak, O. D. Tsai, T. Ullrich, D. G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, M. Vandenbroucke, R. Varma, A. N. Vasiliev, R. Vertesi, F. Videbak, Y. P. Viyogi, S. Vokal, S. A. Voloshin, A. Vossen, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Wang, F. Wang, J. C. Webb, G. Webb, L. Wen, G. D. Westfall, H. Wieman, S. W. Wissink, R. Witt, Y. F. Wu, Z. G. Xiao, W. Xie, K. Xin, Y. F. Xu, Q. H. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Z. Xu, Y. Yang, C. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Q. Yang, Z. Ye, P. Yepes, L. Yi, K. Yip, I. K. Yoo, N. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, J. B. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, J. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. Zhao, C. Zhong, L. Zhou, X. Zhu, Y. Zoulkarneeva, M. Zyzak
  • AGH University of Krakow
  • University of Kentucky
  • Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
  • Panjab University
  • Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre
  • Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
  • Kent State University
  • Brookhaven National Laboratory
  • National Institute of Science Education and Research
  • University of Houston
  • University of Jammu
  • University of Texas at Austin
  • Czech Technical University in Prague
  • Czech Academy of Sciences
  • Rice University
  • Moscow Engineering Physics Institute
  • Yale University
  • University of California at Davis
  • Ohio State University
  • Texas A&M University
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • CAS - Institute of Modern Physics
  • Tsinghua University
  • Creighton University
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • University of California at Berkeley
  • Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar
  • Shandong University
  • Institute for High Energy Physics
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • Valparaiso University
  • University of California at Los Angeles
  • University of Illinois at Chicago
  • Central China Normal University
  • Purdue University
  • Warsaw University of Technology
  • Temple University
  • University of Science and Technology of China
  • Indiana University Bloomington
  • Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
  • Wayne State University
  • Goethe University Frankfurt
  • Argonne National Laboratory
  • Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN
  • World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP)
  • Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
  • Michigan State University
  • Pusan National University
  • University of Zagreb
  • University of Rajasthan
  • Max Planck Institute for Physics (Werner Heisenberg Institute)
  • United States Naval Academy

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

101 Scopus citations

Abstract

One of the primary goals of nuclear physics is to understand the force between nucleons, which is a necessary step for understanding the structure of nuclei and how nuclei interact with each other. Rutherford discovered the atomic nucleus in 1911, and the large body of knowledge about the nuclear force that has since been acquired was derived from studies made on nucleons or nuclei. Although antinuclei up to antihelium-4 have been discovered and their masses measured, little is known directly about the nuclear force between antinucleons. Here, we study antiproton pair correlations among data collected by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), where gold ions are collided with a centre-of-mass energy of 200 gigaelectronvolts per nucleon pair. Antiprotons are abundantly produced in such collisions, thus making it feasible to study details of the antiproton-antiproton interaction. By applying a technique similar to Hanbury Brown and Twiss intensity interferometry, we show that the force between two antiprotons is attractive. In addition, we report two key parameters that characterize the corresponding strong interaction: the scattering length and the effective range of the interaction. Our measured parameters are consistent within errors with the corresponding values for proton-proton interactions. Our results provide direct information on the interaction between two antiprotons, one of the simplest systems of antinucleons, and so are fundamental to understanding the structure of more-complex antinuclei and their properties.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)345-348
Number of pages4
JournalNature
Volume527
Issue number7578
DOIs
StatePublished - 19 Nov 2015
Externally publishedYes

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