Heat and mass transfer impact on chemically reactive non-Newtonian hybrid nanofluid flow with Marangoni convection

This study investigates the influence of viscous dissipation on Marangoni convective Casson hybrid nanofluid flow over an expanding/shrinking surface embedded in a porous medium. The effects of thermal radiation, heat generation/absorption, chemical reaction, and mass transpiration are incorporated into the analysis. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations. Exact analytical series solutions for the momentum, temperature, and concentration distributions are obtained with the aid of generalized Laguerre polynomial functions and exponential formulations. The effects of various governing parameters on the velocity, temperature, concentration, and skin friction characteristics are examined graphically and discussed in detail. The results reveal that increasing the inverse Darcy number from 0 to 4 decreases the velocity profile by approximately 18% under suction and 22% under injection conditions due to enhanced porous resistance. Furthermore, increasing the thermal radiation and heat source parameters from 0 to 4 enhances the temperature boundary layer thickness by nearly 19% and 17%, respectively. It is also observed that stronger Casson fluid effects suppress the fluid velocity because of enhanced non-Newtonian resistance. The present analysis is relevant to several engineering and industrial applications involving Marangoni convection, including crystal growth, coating technologies, semiconductor manufacturing, nuclear reactor cooling, heat transfer systems, and microgravity fluid transport processes. The study provides valuable insights into the thermal and transport characteristics of hybrid nanofluids in porous media under Marangoni-driven flow conditions.