Green Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles via Plant Extracts for Biological Applications: A Review

Metal oxide nanoparticles have found their own inevitable place in the field of nanotechnology due to their versatile applications like catalysis, drug delivery, sensors, energy devices, semiconductors, food technology, agriculture and medicine. The use of green synthesis techniques is becoming more and more significant as a practical means of producing nanoparticles that are less hazardous to the environment. It is hopeful for large-scale commercial production because green synthesis methods can yield nanomaterials with lower production costs and energy inputs than conventional synthesis methods. To attain this, plant extracts can be used as precipitating agents for the preparation of metal oxides, by this we can eliminate the usage of hazardous chemicals. Phytochemicals, which are active substances obtained from plants used as reducing and stabilizing agents in the ecologically benign manufacturing of nanoparticles. Furthermore, a cutting-edge green synthesis method that has garnered a lot of scholarly attention is the creation of metal and metal-based hybrid nanoparticles utilizing plants or plant extracts. In this review article we mainly, summarized the synthesis of various metal oxides include zinc oxides, cobalt oxides, iron oxides, magnesium oxides and other nano particles using the plant extract via green synthetic methods and we discussed about some biological applications of these metal oxides.