El efecto de la discriminación racial y étnica sobre la autoestima individual y colectiva según el fenotipo auto-reportado en migrantes colombianos en Chile

Through a non-experimental, analytical and cross-sectional design, we analyze the effect that racial and ethnic discrimination has on individual (ISE) and collective (CSE) self-esteem, according to the declared phenotype. 481 Colombian migrants (54 % women and 46 % men), aged between 18 and 65 (average of 35 years), were surveyed. Were applied the Rosenberg ISE scales, perceived discrimination of Krieger et al. and Basabe’s adaptation of the CSE scale of Luthanen et al. Differential effects of ethnic and / or racial discrimination on ISE and on CSE are observed. In people who identify themselves as “white”, the perception of racial discrimination is slightly and positively related to ISE. In those who are perceived as “mixed or Native American”, racial discrimination has a moderate positive effect on CSE. In those who identify themselves as “Afro-descendants,” both discriminations have a slight positive effect on ISE, while racial discrimination would moderately harm CSE. Finally, in those who identify themselves as “mulattos,” both discriminations would have mild or moderate positive effects on both types of self-esteem. These results provide evidence to the effect of the phenotype on the relationship established between discrimination and self-esteem.