Developing socio-epidemiological indicators of sexual health among migrant population in Chile

Background: Monitoring and responding to the sexual health needs of migrants is crucial, given their vulnerability during migration. Therefore, this study aimed to develop socio-epidemiological indicators related to sexual health and communicable diseases among the migrant population in Chile, including dimensions of the contexts of vulnerability and migratory trajectories. Method: We used a mixed methodology within the framework of implementation research and community-based research based on qualitative data, secondary sources, and expert judgment to construct socio-epidemiological indicators related to sexual health among the migrant population in Chile, including vulnerability and migration trajectories. Preliminary indicators were defined. First, qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with individuals of migrant origin and focus groups with members of community-based organizations, primary healthcare providers, and experts. These instruments were then complemented with indicators from secondary sources. The set of indicators was subjected to content validation and ranking through Delphi Groups and expert judgment, ending with validation through a field pilot test. Results: The result was a definitive instrument that included 94 indicators, distributed into 73 questions that correspond to the following dimensions: sociodemographic background, migratory history, and contexts of vulnerability, violence, connection with the Chilean health system, sexual practices, sex work, sexual health (including HIV and STIs) and access to sexual health services, and sexual health needs. Conclusion: Participation of the target population and key actors allowed for consensus on a highly sensitive data collection instrument since its indicators account for the contexts of vulnerability and key structural aspects to address sexual health among migrants from an intersectional perspective.