Cultural identity as a determinant of caregiving burden and quality of life in indigenous family caregivers of people with schizophrenia

Introduction: The study aimed to examine the relationship between ethnic background, caregiver burden, and quality of life among caregivers of individuals withSchizophrenia in an intercultural context. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive-comparative design was used with one hundred seventy-five caregivers recruited from public mental health centers in Northern Chile, who completed standardized assessments of burden, quality of life, and sociodemographic characteristics. Statistical analyses compared Aymara and non-Aymara caregivers and evaluated the interaction between ethnicity and sociodemographic factors. Results: The findings showed no significant differences between ethnic groups in overall burden or global quality of life, although Aymara caregivers reported greater psychological strain in daily activities and non-Aymara caregivers reported better partner relationships. Interaction effects indicated that ethnicity combined with sex, partner status, religious affiliation, and patient age influenced certain dimensions of quality of life, particularly relationships with the psychiatric team and material strain. Discussion: These results suggest a convergence in caregiving experiences across ethnic groups, likely shaped by intercultural health policies, social integration, and cultural resilience. The study highlights the importance of culturally sensitive mental health services that incorporate Indigenous worldviews and strengthen support for family caregivers.