An MHD nanofluid flow with Marangoni laminar boundary layer over a porous medium with heat and mass transfer

The current work considers two-dimensional incompressible fluid flow with heat transfer over a porous medium with mass transpiration and Marangoni boundary condition. The nanoparticles of graphene are mixed in water to improve thermal efficiency. It behaves as a heater upon increasing its solid volume fraction, Eckert number, and as a cooler upon increasing suction. This flow has remarkable interest due to its applications in glues, silicon wafers, heat exchangers, paints, crystal growth in space, etc. The ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are obtained from the considered partial differential equations (PDEs) using similarity transformation technique. Then the solutions are analytically recovered from the system of ODEs. The solutions of temperature and concentration fields are obtained in terms of Laguerre polynomial. The impacts of different parameters, such as Marangoni number, inverse Darcy number, Prandtl number, and Eckert number are analysed using graphical observations. Specially mentioned is Marangoni convection, which contains many industrial and engineering applications such as in nanotechnology, atomic reactors, soap films, semiconductor processing, and atomic reactors. This work adds the effect of graphene water nanofluid which enhance the thermal efficiency in a better way than the base fluid and explains the physical problem on the basis of chemically radiative Marangoni flow.